~Who are the Bedouin?~
Bedouins were Arabs Nomadic herders, that lived in tents and ate dried fruit and nuts. They drank milk from their animals, but they wouldn't eat meat. They thought their animals were too valuable to use as food.
~What was the relationship between trade and towns?~
Many Arabs lived in villages where they farmed and these villages were near oases or in the mountain valleys. Some villagers were merchants who transported goods across the desert. To fed off attacks from Bedouins many traveled in Caravans, or groups of traveling merchants and animals. By 500, Arabian merchants handled most trade between India and the Mediterranean Sea. As their trade grew, Arab merchants founded towns along the trade routes in Arabia. Mecca became the largest and richest of them all, because it was crossroads for merchants and it was an important religious site. In the middle of Mecca was the Kaaba, the Mecca was a low square building surrounded by statues of gods. Arabs believed that the great stone inside the Kaaba was from heaven. Arabians worshiped many gods, but the most important was Allah. Allah was considered to be the creator. Allah is the Arabic word for "god".
~What was Muhammad's message?~
In about 50 a name named Muhammad was born in Mecca. He was an orphan, and was raised by an uncle. As a teenager he worked in the trusted job of caravan leader and eventually became a successful merchant. He then married and had children. Despite his success Muhammad was not a happy person! He felt that the wealthy town leaders should return to the old ways, He thought they should honor their families, be fair in business, and help the poor Muhammad went into the hills to pray. In about 610, he said he was visited by an angel and told to preach Islam , Islam means "surrendering to the will of Allah", inspired Muhammad returned to Mecca. Everywhere he went he told people to destroyed statues of false gods and to worship only Allah, the one true god. He also preached that all people were equal and that the rich should share their goods. In Mecca, where most people lived humbly, this vision of a just society was very powerful. Muhammad was saying that wealth was not as important as leading a good life, When the day of judgement arrived, he sais god would reward the good people and punish the evildoers.
~Why was Islam not liked at first?~
Slowly Muhammad convinced people that his message was true. At first only his family became muslims, or followers of Islam. soon many of the poor were attracted to his message that goods should be shared. But wealthy merchants and religious leaders did not like Muhammad's message. They thought he was trying to take away their power so they made his life difficult and beat and tortured his followers. In 622, Muhammad and his followers left Mecca and moved north to a town called Yathrib later called Medina. The journey became known as the Hijrah. Later muslins made the year 622 the first year of a new calendar. Yathrib welcomed Muhammad and his followers. their city was renamed Medina meaning "the city of the prophet".
~What type of government does Muhammad set up?
The people of Medina accepted Muhammad as god's prophet and ruler. Muhammad proved to be an able leader. He applied the laws he believed god had given to all areas of life. He used these laws to settle dispute among the people . Muhammad created an islamic state- a government that used its political power to uphold Islam. He required all Muslims to place loyalty to the Islamic state above loyalty to their tribe. to defend his new government , Muhammad then made it a holy city of Islam. Two years later, Muhammad died. By this time, Islam was spreading to all of Arabia.
~What does Islam teach?~
Muslims believe in 1 god, and muslims believe this 1 god hold all power and created the universe. They also believed that god determine right and wrong, People are expected to follow god's laws if they wan to be blessed in the afterlife. Jews, christians and muslims believe in 1 god too and they also believe that god spoke to people through prophets. For muslims, early prophets were Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and finally Muhammad. Muhammad was seen as a prophet and a very good person, unlike christians Jesus was more than a prophet, he was the son of god,
~What is the Quran?~
Muslims write down the message the Muhammad said he received from Allah. These writings became the Quran, or holy book of Islam. For muslims the Quran id God's written word. The Quran instructs muslims about how they should live. They are told to be honest and treat others fairly. They are told to honor their parents , show kindness to their neighbors and give generously to the poor. Murder, lying, and stealing are forbidden. Many rules in the Quran apply Muslim's daily daily life. According to the rules muslims should not eat pork, drink liquor or gamble. The Quran also had rules about marriage, divorce, and family life, property rights, and business practices.
~ What are the 5 pillars of Islam + Sunna? ~
~5 pillars of Fatih~
1. Belief
Muslims must declare that there is no god but allah and that Muhammad is his prophet.
2. Prayer
Muslims must pray 5 times a day facing toward Mecca or East.
3. Alms
Muslims must give to poor.
4. Fasting
Muslims must not eat from dawn until dust during the month of Ramadan.
5. Hajj
Muslims must visit Mecca once in their life if they can.
1. Belief
Muslims must declare that there is no god but allah and that Muhammad is his prophet.
2. Prayer
Muslims must pray 5 times a day facing toward Mecca or East.
3. Alms
Muslims must give to poor.
4. Fasting
Muslims must not eat from dawn until dust during the month of Ramadan.
5. Hajj
Muslims must visit Mecca once in their life if they can.
~Sunna~
Scholars of Islam also created a law code that explains how society should be run. This code is taken from the Quran and the Sunna. The sunna is the name given to customs based on Muhammad's words and deeds. Islam's law code covers all areas of daily life. It applies the teachings of the Quran to family life, business, and government. So with combinations of the Quran and sunna guides all of Muslim daily life.
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